Chip readers and programmers
Chip readers and programmers allow users to read, write, and manipulate the data stored in various types of integrated circuits (ICs), such as microcontrollers, EEPROMs, flash memory, and more. These tools are crucial for tasks like firmware extraction, reverse engineering, and device recovery.
Usage
Firmware Extraction
Reading the firmware from a microcontroller or flash chip to analyze its functionality or vulnerabilities.
Programming
Writing new firmware or configuration data to a chip.
Device Recovery
Restoring corrupted or erased firmware to a functional state.
Testing and Validation
Verifying the integrity of data in chips and ensuring proper functionality.
Theory
Reading
Chip readers utilize specific protocols (such as SPI, I2C, or JTAG) to communicate with the target IC, extracting data stored in memory.
Programming
Programmers send instructions to the chip to write new data, which may involve erasing existing content before programming.
Types of Memory
Different types of memory chips (e.g., EEPROM, flash, PROM) have varying protocols and methods for reading/writing.
Models:
Entry-Level
CH341A USB Programmer(<$15) : very cheap one, flashrom compatible,
Mid-Range
XGecu T56 ($200): Frequently used by myself, very reliable, supports a lot of devices, NAND, SPI, eMMC etc.
High-End
Xeltek Superpro (>$550): very precise, but not really needed if you are not a professional
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